The Toyota G16E-GTS (GR Yaris/GR Corolla) 3-cylinder and Audi RS3’s 2.5 TFSI 5-cylinder are examples of odd-cylinder engines, which are uncommon compared to 4-, 6-, and 8-cylinder designs.
Why use odd numbers of cylinders?
Engineers choose odd-cylinder layouts when they want a balance between:
- Compact size
- Lower weight
- Unique power delivery
- Distinctive sound
- Packaging advantages
Toyota G16E-GTS 3-Cylinder
Why Toyota chose 3 cylinders
The GR Yaris was designed for rally homologation.
Advantages:
- Extremely compact
- About 10-15 kg lighter than a comparable 4-cylinder
- Shorter crankshaft reduces rotational losses
- More room for AWD drivetrain and cooling
- Faster engine response
Disadvantages
- More vibration than an inline-4
- Requires balance shaft engineering
- Rougher idle characteristics
Power density
The 1.6L G16E produces:
- Up to 304 hp (GR Corolla)
- Around 190 hp per liter
One of the highest-output production 3-cylinder engines ever built.
Audi RS3 2.5 TFSI 5-Cylinder
Why Audi keeps the 5-cylinder
The RS3’s engine traces its heritage to the legendary Audi Quattro rally cars of the 1980s.
Advantages:
- Smoother than a 4-cylinder
- More compact than an inline-6
- Strong low-end torque
- Unique firing order creates the famous Audi warble
Disadvantages
- Longer and heavier than a 4-cylinder
- More expensive to manufacture
- Packaging is tighter in transverse applications
Sound Character
The 1-2-4-5-3 firing sequence creates the iconic uneven exhaust note:
Growl + warble + turbo whistle
Many enthusiasts consider it one of the best-sounding modern turbo engines.
Comparison to the classic B18C, 2JZ, VR38DETT as per table
|
Engine |
Character |
|
Toyota G16E 3-cylinder |
Lightest, most aggressive, rally-focused |
|
Honda B18C 4-cylinder |
Best balance of smoothness, revs, simplicity |
|
Audi 2.5 TFSI 5-cylinder |
Most charismatic sound and torque |
|
Inline-6 (2JZ, RB26) |
Smoothest and strongest potential |
For pure driving excitement, many enthusiasts rank them:
- Audi 2.5 TFSI 5-cylinder
- Honda B18C VTEC
- Toyota G16E-GTS 3-cylinder
The Audi wins on sound and torque, the Honda wins on naturally aspirated response and mechanical feel, while the Toyota wins on power-to-weight and modern rally-car character.



